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The NICHD Small Research Grant Program (R03 Basic Experimental Studies with Humans Required) supports clinical trials that fall within the NICHD mission and also meet the criteria for basic science experimental studies involving humans (BESH), referred to in NOT-OD-18-212 as prospective basic science studies involving human participants. These studies fall within the NIH definition of a clinical trial and also meet the definition of basic research. Types of studies that should submit under this NOFO include studies that prospectively assign human participants to conditions (i.e., experimentally manipulate independent variables) and that assess biomedical or behavioral outcomes in humans for the purpose of understanding the fundamental aspects of phenomena without specific application towards processes or products in mind. The program is administered by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) as part of the National Institutes of Health. This funding opportunity (PA-25-126) provides support for basic experimental research involving human participants that aligns with NICHD's mission to ensure that every person is born healthy and wanted, that women suffer no harmful effects from reproductive processes, and that all children have the chance to achieve their full potential for healthy and productive lives, free from disease or disability.